SELECT 
  jmj_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  jmj_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    jmj_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR jmj_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    jmj_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  jmj_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  jmj_product_descriptions.product_id IN (1511, 1517, 1532, 1535) 
  AND jmj_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.01023

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "9.61"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "jmj_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 4,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`jmj_test`.`jmj_product_descriptions`.`product_id` in (1511,1517,1532,1535)) and (`jmj_test`.`jmj_product_descriptions`.`lang_code` = 'en'))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "8.81",
        "eval_cost": "0.80",
        "prefix_cost": "9.61",
        "data_read_per_join": "15K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code",
        "short_description",
        "full_description"
      ]
    }
  }
}